Interrogative Sentence -এ যদি Wh question থাকে তাহলে এর পূর্বে Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী to be verb যোগ করতে হয়
অষ্টম, নবম, দশম
জ.ই. জাহিদ নূর কাজল
সিনিয়র শিক্ষক,
ন্যাশনাল আইডিয়াল স্কুল এন্ড কলেজ, ঢাকা
Rule-1: কোন Sentence-এর Subject 3rd Person Singular Number হয় এবং sentence টি দ্বারা যদি Present Indefinite Tense বোঝায় তাহলে প্রদত্ত sentence এর verb-এর শেষে s/es /ies যোগ করতে হয়।
Madhuri (make) tea.
= Madhuri makes tea.
Salman (go) to school.
= Salman goes to school.
Shilpa often (cry).= Shilpa cries.
He (go) to school ? = Does he go to school ?
[ দুইবার s/es যুক্ত হয় না, তাই goes হয়নি। ]
Rule-2: অভ্যাসগত কাজ (To express habitual fact), চিরন্তন সত্য (Universal fact) বুঝালে Simple Present/ Present Indefinite Tense হয় ।
Karina ( take) tea every morning. = Karina takes tea every morning.
The sun (rise) in the east. = The sun rises in the east.
Ice (float) on water. = Ice floats on water.
Rule-3: কোন সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকে না এমন বাক্যে যদি Always, often, as usual, usually, normally, generally, at times, now-a-days, sometimes, never, each, regularly, occasionally, on week days, everytime/day/week/month/year,twice, seldom, daily, frequently, whenever প্রভৃতি থাকে তবে বাক্যটি Simple Present Tense. হয়।
He always (come) here. ( comes) . He often (visit) the zoo. (visits)
Mother (read) the holy Quran daily. (reads). The baby often (cry) . (cries).
The pupils occasionally (ছাত্ররা মাঝে মাঝে) (make) a noise in the class. (make)
When Salman (take) his food normally? = When does Salman take his food normally?
Rule-4:Be Verb বিহীন বাক্যকে Negative বা Interrogative করতে হলে Tense, Subject অনুসারে do/does/ did ব্যবহার করতে হয় ।
The girl not ( sing) a song. - The girl does not sing a song.
He (come) home yesterday ? – Did he come home yesterday?
He does not ( work) hard. They did not ( go) yesterday.
Note: Do/Does/Did/ Do not/ Does not/ Did not এর পর Verb এর Present Form (V1) হয় ।
Rule-5 : Interrogative Sentence -এ যদি Wh question থাকে তাহলে এর পূর্বে Tense ও Person অনুযায়ী to be verb যোগ করতে হয় । to be না থাকলে Tense ও person অনুসারে do/does/ did বসে ।
What you (want)? = What do you want?
What you (do) now? = What are you doing now?
Why Mr. Mamun (look) so angry? = Why does Mr. Mamun look so angry?
Rule-6: কোন sentence-এ যদি now, at the moment, at this moment, at present, day by day থাকে (এবং sentence দ্বারা যদি নিকটতম ভবিষ্যত্ বোঝায়) তাহলে sentence টি Present Continuous Tense হয়।
He (stand) on the yard now. = He is standing on the yard now.
They (play) at the moment. (are playing)
I (go) to Dhaka today.– I am going to Dhaka today.
Bangladesh ( progress) day by day.( is progressing).
They (watch) T.V. at this moment. (are watching)
Rule-7 : বাক্যে just, just now, already, yet, never, ever, till, lastly, lately, recently, so far প্রভৃতি থাকলে Present Perfect Tense. হয়।
Mother just (receive) my letter. = Mother has just received my letter.
He already (write) the note. = He already written the note
You ever (be) to Dhaka?= Have you ever been to Dhaka?
Rule- 8: Present Perfect Tense-এ যদি সময়ের উল্লেখ থাকে এবং বাক্যে যদি yesterday, ago, long ago, once upon a time, few days ago, the previous day, last day/night/week/ month/year, ইত্যাদি থাকে তবে বাক্যটি Simple Past Tense হয়।
He (leave) home last night. (left).
He (come) home yesterday.
= He came home yesterday.
He (go) to school yesterday?
= Did he go to school yesterday?
The man died at 9.00 am. (The man has died at 9.00 am. হবে না।)
Note: Since, After, before, long since, long ago এরক্ষেত্রে বাক্যের এক অংশ Past indefinite হলে অপর অংশ Past Perfect হয়।
মনোযোগ দিয়ে পড়বে পরীক্ষা ও বাস্তবজীবনে প্রয়োগ ঘটাতে গ্রামারের নিয়মগুলো সহায়তা করবে।
