অষ্টম, নবম, দশম
জ.ই. জাহিদ নূর কাজল, সিনিয়র শিক্ষক,
ন্যাশনাল আইডিয়াল স্কুল এন্ড কলেজ, ঢাকা
বুধবারের পর
Rule-23: কর্তা নিজে কাজ না করলে (passive অর্থ প্রকাশ পেলে) am, is, are, was, were, been, being এর পর ব্র্যাকেট verb এর past participle form(V3) বসে।
Honey is (taste) sweet. = Honey is tasted sweet.
The home work was (do) by the students. (done)
My pen has been (steal). (stolen).
The picture (draw) yesterday. ( was drawn)
Rule-24: If যুক্ত বাক্যের একটি অংশ Present Indefinite Tense হলে অপর অংশে Future Indefinite Tense হয়। ( একে First Conditional বলে।)
If he works hard, he ( shine) in life.
= If he works hard, he will shine in life.
Present Indefinite Future Indefinite
I will not go out if it (rain). = I will not go out if it rains.
Note: if বাক্যের প্রথমে থাকলে বাক্যের মাঝে কমা (,) বসে । এবং if বাক্যের মাঝে থাকলে কমা(,) বসে না ।
Rule-25: If যুক্ত বাক্যের একটি অংশ Past Indefinite Tense হলে অপর অংশে Subject- এর পরে would/could/might বসে । ( একে Second Conditional বলে।)
If he came, I (go).
= If he came, I would go.
If I had a typewriter, I (type) myself.
= If I had a typewriter, I would type myself.
Past Indefinite
Rule-26: If যুক্ত বাক্যের একটি অংশ Past Perfect Tense হলে অপর অংশে Subject- এর পরে would have/could have/might have +V3 বসে ।
( একে Third Conditional বলে।)
If I had seen him, I (tell) him the matter.
= If I had seen him, I might have told him the matter.
Past Perfect
If I had started earlier, you catch the bus.
= If I had started earlier, you would have caught the bus.
I would have brought a mule if you (tell) me before.
= I would have brought a mule if you had told me before.
Rule-27: বাক্যের শুরুতে Had+ Subject +V3 থাকলে অপর অংশ Third Conditional ( S + would have/ could have/might have +V3) হয়।
Had I been a king, I (help) the poor .= Had I been a king, I would have helped the poor.
Had I possessed vast property, I (establish) a college.
= Had I possessed vast property,
I would have established a college.
Rule-28:(a) বাক্যের একটি অংশে If + Subject +were থাকলে অপর অংশ ( S + would /could /might +V1 ) হয়
অথবা, ( S + would have/ could have/might have +V3) হয়।
If I were a king, I (help) the poor.
= If I were a king, I would help the poor.
OR, If I were a king, I would have helped the poor.
Rule-29:(b) wish +were অথবা, could + V1 হয় ।
I wish I ( be) a cricket player. (were). I wish I (sing) well. ( could sing)
Rule-30: কোন কাজ পূর্ব থেকে শুরু হয়ে এখনো চলছে এরূপ বুঝালে, (অথবা, বাক্যের মধ্যে since বা for থাকলে) Present Perfect Continuous Tense হয়।
I (read) for three hours. = I have been reading for three hours.
It (rain) since morning. = It has been raining since morning.
